Nature Deficit Disorder (NDD)

Richard Louv coined the term "Nature Deficit Disorder" (NDD) in his book "Last Child in the Woods." Because of this, it's become a rather accepted and well-known term, although it's not a recognized medical disorder. Some, however, believe that it should be.

What Is NDD?

NDD refers to the lack of exposure to the natural world that is experienced by so many modern children in developed nations. The results of this nature deficiency are said to range from the development of ADHD to behavior problems.

Nature as Therapy

It's been said that the use of drugs and pharmaceuticals in kids could be greatly reduced if nature were used as a form of therapy instead. Reports abound of children who had behavior and learning problems that greatly improved after the child spent time connecting with nature. Also, children who are obese may find that they lose a great deal of weight when they get outside and get active.

Using nature as therapy is not necessarily scientific in approach. Really, just getting kids out into the natural world to play is where it starts. Some kids, though, aren't sure how to engage in free play, or may not have access to a natural setting. Not to worry - here are some ideas from those who are advocates of using nature as therapy for kids.

* Build a tree house, like you or your neighbors might have done as kids. If you don't want to build a tree house, consider a playhouse on the ground. Your kids can help you build it, and enjoy all kinds of time there.

* Interact with wildlife as a sightseer or, as Louv suggests, help turtles cross busy roads safely when they are undergoing their annual migration. Put up a bird feeder and look up and identify the various birds that visit. 

* Explore space with binoculars and/or a telescope from your front porch.

* Find a vacant lot and discover bits of nature in the soil, among the plants, and the plants themselves. Nature is amazingly resilient, setting up shop the moment an area is abandoned.

* Start a rooftop or balcony garden, growing fruits and vegetables and potted trees. You can create a mini forest this way, even including a fountain or water feature. 

Maybe NDD is a result of our technology getting ahead of our biological make-up. Maybe NDD comes from deviating from our "wiring" as nature-dwellers. Regardless of the reasons, getting our kids back to nature is a growing movement.

Maryjane Angelo

How to Raise a Natural Child

Raising a natural child is something that many parents are interested in these days. Some parents hear about "natural living" or have a vague notion that they should be "more natural" in their homes, but aren't sure how to do it. Raising a natural child can begin with some small steps and move forward into an overall natural lifestyle. Here are some tips.

Foster an Interest in Nature

Most children naturally love to be out in nature. Others may have been raised in an environment with little exposure to nature, and might not have an immediate interest in it. Either way, getting your kids out into nature can help raise a natural child. To do this, try some of the following.

* Encourage a collection of natural objects, such as pine cones, feathers, rocks, or nuts. Whirly maple "keys" make fun seasonal collections that you can release from a porch or deck and watch them twirl on their way down.

* Direct your kids outside when they are bored or getting underfoot in the house. This will help teach them where to turn - nature - when they need something to do.

* Take walks and hikes together as a family instead of going to a movie, watching TV, or playing computer games.

* Nature crafts can open your kids' eyes to the artistic world around them. They can gather twigs to weave into picture frames and wreaths, or collect acorns to decorate various objects. They can weave flowers into chains or build cabins out of sticks. Check your local library and/or the internet to find more nature craft ideas.

Attachment Parenting

Many people consider attachment parenting to be the most natural form of parenting. This makes sense - carrying your baby on your body and nursing as-needed is very much what animals do and what our ancestors were likely to have done. Attachment parenting largely shuns the use of artificial accoutrements like pacifiers, bottles, bouncy seats, and even cribs. Attachment parenting is usually considered a component of raising a natural child.

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Attachment and natural parenting can begin before birth with a natural pregnancy, and follow with a natural birth.

Diapers

Use cloth diapers for a more natural parenting approach. Some natural parents like to practice "elimination communication," which means you hold the baby over the toilet when he eliminates. This is one less diaper to wash and hopefully a step toward toilet training.

Food

Natural food is certainly a way to connect your child to the natural world. Homemade baby food, toddler snacks, and meals can go a long way in fostering an appreciation for food and nature. Consider growing a garden for at least some of your food, and let your child help with the gardening and harvesting. You might consider raising a few chickens, too. Your kids will know more than most kids about where food comes from!

Maryjane Angelo

How to Choose the Right Daycare for Your Family's Needs

Choosing a daycare can be a tough decision. For one thing, not all daycare centers are the same; for another, even a good daycare with a positive reputation may not be the right one for your family,to help you make this important choice, here are some tips on how to choose the right daycare for your family's needs.

1. Locate the Daycare Centers

If you are not sure what centers are in your area, try placing a call to your local child care experts. Look in the phone book or do an internet search to see what's out there, and to locate child care agencies like the Child Care Resource and Referral (CCR&R) agency.

2. Ask about Requirements

When you're on the phone with the CCR&R, ask them what the laws are in your area about licensing, violations, and, if applicable, financial assistance. There may be laws about child-to-caregiver ratio and how and where to complain if you believe a daycare center is in violation of a licensing requirement or has some other problem.

3. Make an Unannounced Visit

Your first visit should be unannounced. Simply come in to the center and, without being disruptive, ask to observe the daycare. Take note of how you're treated - were the staff welcoming? Did they ask for and listen to your observations and opinions of their facility? Look at how the kids are acting, too - are they getting plenty of attention? Are there enough adults present? It's amazing what you can observe in just a few minutes.

If you like what you see and are considering that particular daycare as a possibility for your child(ren), it's a good idea to follow up your unannounced visit with a scheduled one so you can be shown around the whole facility.

4. An Educational Approach

Do you want the daycare your child attends to have an educational approach? If this matters to you, find out about the daily activities and see if they meet your criteria. See if the activities are educational but also age-appropriate, and taught in a manner that you think would work for your child.

For example, some daycare centers take a playful approach which might be just what your child needs. Others are more academic and regimented, which may be more like your cup of tea. So finding out details about the daycare center's activities is important.

5. Hours

Make sure that the center's hours fit your schedule. What is the plan if you get held up and can't make it to the daycare center at closing time? Also, how flexible is the daycare about hours? You may have to pay for a whole day even if your child is only there for a few hours, depending on their policy. 

6. Health and Nutrition

You'll want to know what kind of food is being served at the daycare. Look for healthy, easy-to-eat foods that are age-appropriate. If you breastfeed, ask about their storage and preparation of breastmilk.

Hopefully, asking some of the right questions will help you make the right decision for your child's daycare. Never be afraid to ask the daycare staff any questions you may have.

Maryjane Angelo

In-Home versus Daycare Center: Pros and Cons

There are a variety of options available for parents looking for child care these days. Sometimes, it seems like there are too many options! One of the main decisions for parents is whether to go with in-home care or a daycare center,as you make this very important decision, it's important to weigh the pros and cons. Here are some things to think about as you consider in-home care versus a daycare center.

# In-Home Care: Pros

1. Convenience and flexibility are advantages of in-home care. If the provider or nanny lives with you, she (or he) is always present, making for a great deal of flexibility on the part of the parents.

2. She might help with the housework and cooking, too.

3. Your children will get familiar with an in-home provider, and maybe more comfortable with her because they don't have to leave their familiar surroundings.

4. A trusted in-home provider may be able to take your children on "field trips" or outings.

# In-Home Care: Cons

1. In-home care tends to be more expensive than daycare, and you can't get financial aid like you can in a daycare facility.

2. A nanny is only human, so if she gets sick or has other problems being available, you will need to have a back-up plan in place.

3. There is more paperwork involved in hiring in-home care if it's a nanny (such as reporting her on your taxes). But a more casual arrangement may not be so paperwork-intensive.

4. Finding a qualified in-home provider can be challenging.


# Daycare Center: Pros

1. Your child will be with other children in a social setting.

2. If you need financial help, it's possible that you qualify for state or federal aid.

3. Generally speaking, daycare is more affordable than paying an individual for in-home care, even if you don't use any financial aid.

4. The staff are trained and held accountable by a regulatory organization.

5. It may be much easier to discern credentials, qualifications, and references.

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# Daycare Center: Cons

1. Let's face it - even the cleanest daycare centers are total germ factories. Having your children in a large group may mean that you're dealing with a sick baby or child on a fairly regular basis.

2. There may be a waiting list at a reputable facility. (This is a good reason to start this search early.)

3. In a group setting, your child may not receive the individual attention you think he/she needs.

4. You will need to transport your child to and from the daycare center, which may get difficult depending on your work hours. 

Hopefully, this list has helped you as you consider the best child care options for your family.

Maryjane Angelo

Communication with Your Child Care Provider:

What to Discuss Ahead of Time

It's really important to have an open line of communication with your child care provider. This starts with a thorough discussion of important topics that need to be on the table up front.

Here are some ways to open up communication with your child care provider, and what to discuss ahead of time.

1. Allergies

If you've lived with your child's allergies for a long time, you may get so used to living with them that you'll forget to mention them. But allergies can be scary or even life-threatening, depending on what your child is allergic to. So make sure you make a list of things your child is allergic to and post it in a prominent place after you've gone over it with your child care provider.

Also, if your child has any medications - regular or for emergencies - make sure your child care provider knows where they are and how and when to administer them.

2. Discipline

This is a biggie. In fact, many articles could be (and have been) written on this issue alone! But it's a key issue to discuss with any child care provider, especially if he or she will be with your kids all day. Children quickly learn who's lenient and who's strict, and who will discipline like their parents and who won't.

First, you have to be clear about what your own disciplinary approach will be. Then, write this out in clear and concise language so that your caregiver understands exactly what tools they can use in their disciplinary toolbox. It's important for everyone to know the rules clearly, and what will happen if the rules aren't followed.

3. Drop Off, Pick Up, Hours, and So Forth

Whether you are having an in-home caregiver or taking your child to a daycare facility, make sure you're clear about what time to pick up and drop off your kids, or what time you expect your caregiver to arrive or be ready to be picked up. Be sure you know what time the facility closes, too, and what their policies are regarding snow days, holidays, etc.

In-home caregivers should also be up front about days they want off, holidays, what provision to make in case of illness or car trouble, and so forth. Everyone involved needs to know these things ahead of time so they can plan their days and weeks, and so no child is left in a dangerous or tenuous situation.

4. What's the Back-Up Plan?

Have a back-up plan and show it to your caregiver, or come up with one together. Back-up plans are essential in case of emergencies (such as a natural disaster or bad weather), illness, or transportation snafus.

While these tips can help as a guideline for what to discuss ahead of time, it's important to keep those lines of communication open all the time. It's not a bad idea to schedule regular talks with your provider to make sure everyone is still on the same page.

Maryjane Angelo

How to Choose a Child Care Provider: A Checklist

Choosing the right child care provider is one of the most important decisions you'll ever make. Children begin to learn long before kindergarten, and the kind of child care they have prior to that can make a big difference in their academic performance. For older kids, the right child care provider is just as important during these formative years.

Here's a helpful checklist to help you choose a child care provider.

1. Space for Your Child

Is there an opening for your child? This is an important first question, whether you are contacting an individual or child care facility. There's no use wasting time on other queries if they are not taking any new children.

2. Adult to Child Ratio

What is the ratio of adults to children? If you're going with a home-based caregiver, find out if he/she has children at home as well. If it's a family of six kids, adding more children can push the ratio out of balance. The same is true for a commercial facility. A rough guideline is this: there should be 1 adult for every:
* 4 newborns
* 5 infants from 6 weeks to 18 months
* 8 preschoolers
* 10 children aged 5 to 9
* 20 children aged 10 to 12

Again, this is a rough guideline. Your local regulations may differ, and your personal requirements may be different also.

3. Find Out about Violations and Complaints

Contact your local child care information agency regarding a provider's record of complaints and/or violations. If there are some complaints, it pays to do your research - there might be violations in the past that are no longer an issue, for example, or that have gotten worse instead.

4. Do an Internet Search for Reviews

When you have several names of providers, type them into your search engine with the word "reviews." This can yield a lot of information.

5. Food

Small children need to eat frequently, and babies do too. Ask about the food policies of the child care provider. If you demand-feed your infant, will the provider do the same? If you take a more scheduled approach, will the child care provider respect that? For older kids, you'll want to ask about the kind of food that's served and how often. Find out if there are provisions made for kids with food allergies.

6. Hours

Make sure the hours of the provider fit with yours. If there are scheduling problems or delays in pick-up times, ask about the provider's policy in case you're late or early with pick-up or drop-off.

7. Credentials and References

Ask for references and credentials. The provider should be glad to give you the contact information of individuals who have used their services. Ask about licensing, accreditation, and how long the provider has been in business.

Above all, sit down and make a list of things that are important to you and your family in choosing a child care provider. You may have specifications that are not standard, and those are still important. So having a master list helps a lot in keeping you grounded during your research.

Maryjane Angelo

Should You Hire a Teenager to Care for Your Children? Pros and Cons

There was a time when babysitting was a common way for teens to earn money, and it was often a teen's first job. These days, though, there are a lot more options, and parents are well aware that there is more than one way to find child care if they want to have a date night out,

of course, it's still acceptable to hire a teenager to care for your children. But like any child care choice, it has some pros and cons. Here are some of those pros and cons to consider as you decide whether or not you should hire a teenager to care for your children.

Pros

1. Children Like Teenagers

Children often respond really well to teenagers. They're fun, and children know that teenagers are not quite adults yet.

2. Teenagers Cost Less

It's pretty well known that an inexperienced teen is a lot more affordable than, say, a professional nanny or older adult with lots of experience and financial responsibilities. Most teens earn babysitting money as spending money or to save toward a particular purchase or goal. They do not have the financial obligations and responsibilities that adults do.

3. They Are Fun

Teenagers have more energy to spare than your average adult. This can come in very handy if you have multiple children or a high-energy child who loves to play.

4. Teenagers Come to Your Home

It can help ease any anxiety about your leaving if children are in their own home. It's also convenient; you don't have to pack up your kids and drive them somewhere.


Cons

1. Lack of Experience

This is probably the number one con to hiring a teenager to care for your children. Teenagers do not typically have children of their own, and unless they grew up with baby brothers and sisters to care for, they aren't going to have a very broad frame of reference for handling problems and issues with your kids.

2. They're a "Kid" Themselves

While this can come in handy in the energy department, the fact that teenagers are, brain-wise, still kids themselves can't be overlooked.

3. Young Teens Can't Drive

This is a concern in the case of emergencies. Some parents are uncomfortable with a caretaker who can't drive, or who doesn't have a car of his or her own.

4. Teenagers are Busier and More Distracted Than Ever

These days, teenagers have a lot of distractions (cell phones, video games), activities (sports, drama, music, etc.), and schoolwork. College preparation and competition are more intense than ever, and teenagers just don't have as much spare time as they used to.  

As you can see, there are pros and cons of hiring a teenager to care for your children. Hopefully, you'll be able to arrive at a decision you're comfortable with that works for your family.

Maryjane Angelo

Tips for Preparing Your Child to Stay Home Alone

Once you've checked with your local laws to make sure you're not in any kind of violation, you can decide whether or not your child is ready for this big step. It's not always an easy decision, if you've decided that it works for your family to let your child stay at home alone it is important to prepare everyone in the family - but especially your child. Here are some top tips for preparing your child to stay home alone.

1. Start Small and Short

Begin with very short times at home alone. Run across the street and chat with a neighbor, or take a short walk but don't go far. These first times alone can be as short as 10 minutes or as long as 30; it depends on your ultimate time goal and your child's temperament. Then you can work up to longer times and going farther away, such as running an errand across town or something similar.

2. Emergency Contacts

Sit down with your child and go over a list of emergency contacts. Post this list next to the telephone, or on the refrigerator. This list should include the following numbers:

* Your cell phone number
* Other family member's cell phone number
* 911 (young kids may need to see this written down to help keep them calm)
* Poison control
* Nearest relatives' phone numbers
* Your own full name, address, phone number, and car license plate number (your child may need to give this information in an emergency situation)

For younger children, pictures can help with quick identification of numbers (a fire truck by 911, for example, or your picture by your cell number).

3. Responsibilities

An idea for keeping kids out of trouble is to have a list of chores and/or responsibilities your child has to complete, and then a list of privileges. If your child does the chores first, he can do the privileges. Make it clear that, if you come home and he's engaged in a privilege (like video games) and his chores aren't done, then he'll lose that (or some other) privilege.

4. Practice

For younger kids, why not practice a bit? Have your child call your cell phone while you go outside, for example, and then ask him to pick up when you call. If possible, you can arrange with your local emergency officials for a tour of their facilities (like the fire department and local ambulance service), and a discussion of how the 911 system works and what kids can expect if they call 911.

It wouldn't hurt to let these emergency workers know your name and address, and the approximate times your child will be home alone.

Preparing your kids can help ease the transition into staying home alone, and everyone will likely be calmer and safer in the end.

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ABC's of Breastfeeding

From the first moment the infant is applied to the breast, it must be nursed upon a certain plan. This is necessary to the well-doing of the child, and will contribute essentially to preserve the health of the parent, who will thus be rendered a good nurse, and her duty at the same time will become a pleasure.

This implies, however, a careful attention on the part of the mother to her own health; for that of her child is essentially dependent upon it. Healthy, nourishing, and digestible milk can be procured only from a healthy parent; and it is against common sense to expect that, if a mother impairs her health and digestion by improper diet, neglect of exercise, and impure air, she can, nevertheless, provide as wholesome and uncontaminated a fluid for her child, as if she were diligently attentive to these important points. Every instance of indisposition in the nurse is liable to affect the infant.

And this leads me to observe, that it is a common mistake to suppose that, because a woman is nursing, she ought therefore to live very fully, and to add an allowance of wine, porter, or other fermented liquor, to her usual diet. The only result of this plan is, to cause an unnatural degree of fulness in the system, which places the nurse on the brink of disease, and which of itself frequently puts a stop to the secretion of the milk, instead of increasing it. The right plan of proceeding is plain enough; only let attention be paid to the ordinary laws of health, and the mother, if she The following case proves the correctness of this statement: have a sound constitution, will make a better nurse than by any foolish deviation founded on ignorance and caprice.


A young lady, confined with her first child, left the lying-in room at the expiration of the third week, a good nurse, and in perfect health. She had had some slight trouble with her nipples, but this was soon overcome.

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The porter system was now commenced, and from a pint to a pint and a half of this beverage was taken in the four and twenty hours. This was resorted to, not because there was any deficiency in the supply of milk, for it was ample, and the infant thriving upon it; but because, having become a nurse, she was told that it was usual and necessary, and that without it her milk and strength would ere long fail.

After this plan had been followed for a few days, the mother became drowsy and disposed to sleep in the daytime; and headach, thirst, a hot skin, in fact, fever supervened; the milk diminished in quantity, and, for the first time, the stomach and bowels of the infant became disordered. The porter was ordered to be left off; remedial measures were prescrembed; and all symptoms, both in parent and child, were after a while removed, and health restored.

Having been accustomed, prior to becoming a mother, to take a glass or two of wine, and occasionally a tumbler of table beer, she was advised to follow precisely her former dietetic plan, but with the addition of half a pint of barley-milk morning and night. Both parent and child continued in excellent health during the remaining period of suckling, and the latter did not taste artificial food until the ninth month, the parent's milk being all-sufficient for its wants.

No one can doubt that the porter was in this case the source of the mischief. The patient had gone into the lying-in-room in full health, had had a good time, and came out from her chamber (comparatively) as strong as she entered it. Her constitution had not been previously worn down by repeated child-bearing and nursing, she had an ample supply of milk, and was fully capable, therefore, of performing the duties which now devolved upon her, without resorting to any unusual stimulant or support. Her previous habits were totally at variance with the plan which was adopted; her system became too full, disease was produced, and the result experienced was nothing more than what might be expected.

The plan to be followed for the first six months. Until the breast- milk is fully established, which may not be until the second or third day subsequent to delivery (almost invariably so in a first confinement), the infant must be fed upon a little thin gruel, or upon one third water and two thirds milk, sweetened with loaf sugar.

After this time it must obtain its nourishment from the breast alone, and for a week or ten days the appetite of the infant must be the mother's guide, as to the frequency in offering the breast. The stomach at birth is feeble, and as yet unaccustomed to food; its wants, therefore, are easily satisfied, but they are frequently renewed. An interval, however, sufficient for digesting the little swallowed, is obtained before the appetite again revives, and a fresh supply is demanded.

At the expiration of a week or so it is essentially necessary, and with some children this may be done with safety from the first day of suckling, to nurse the infant at regular intervals of three or four hours, day and night. This allows sufficient time for each meal to be digested, and tends to keep the bowels of the child in order. Such regularity, moreover, will do much to obviate fretfulness, and that constant cry, which seems as if it could be allayed only by constantly putting the child to the breast. A young mother very frequently runs into a serious error in this particular, considering every expression of uneasiness as an indication of appetite, and whenever the infant cries offering it the breast, although ten minutes may not have elapsed since its last meal. This is an injurious and even dangerous practice, for, by overloading the stomach, the food remains undigested, the child's bowels are always out of order, it soon becomes restless and feverish, and is, perhaps, eventually lost; when, by simply attending to the above rules of nursing, the infant might have become healthy and vigorous.

For the same reason, the infant that sleeps with its parent must not be allowed to have the nipple remaining in its mouth all night. If nursed as suggested, it will be found to awaken, as the hour for its meal approaches, with great regularity. In reference to night-nursing, I would suggest suckling the babe as late as ten o'clock p. m., and not putting it to the breast again until five o'clock the next morning. Many mothers have adopted this hint, with great advantage to their own health, and without the slightest detriment to that of the child. With the latter it soon becomes a habit; to induce it, however, it must be taught early.

The foregoing plan, and without variation, must be pursued to the sixth month.

After the sixth month to the time of weaning, if the parent has a large supply of good and nourishing milk, and her child is healthy and evidently flourishing upon it, no change in its diet ought to be made. If otherwise, however, (and this will but too frequently be the case, even before the sixth month) the child may be fed twice in the course of the day, and that kind of food chosen which, after a little trial, is found to agree best.

Maryjane Angelo

19 Causes of Crying Babies

Crying is a normal event in the lives of all babies.When a baby comes out of the womb the first thing they do is cry.By the first cry he will take some air in to the lungs for the first time in their life.After delivery if the baby does not cry then it should be initiated by slightly pinching or gently strocking the feet.From this it is clear that the healthy baby should cry and it is a normal physiological event, still some times it can upset the mother or family members.

We all know that a baby can't tell his needs or troubles in words. The only way for him to communicate with others is by crying.Babies show some other signs like feet kicking,hand waving and head turning ect.But the best way to take the attention of others is by crying.

Excessive crying may not have a firm definition because the crying habit changes from baby to baby and some babies can be calmed easily but some are difficult to sooth.If crying is distressing for the mother and home nurse it can be called excessive.Many a times babies become quiet by giving breast milk or by carrying with a gentle rocking.Sudden onset of excessive crying means baby is distressed and needs attention.The causes of crying extends from simple reasons to life threatening conditions.Hence crying of a baby should not be ignored.


Most of the time it is difficult to find the cause of the cry. Common causes are discussed here for awareness.

Common reasons for crying:
                 
1,Hunger:--

A hungry baby will cry till he gets the milk. Here the old saying comes true'crying baby gets the milk'.

2,Wetting:--

Urination and defecation causes some discomfort and results in crying till his parts are cleaned and made dry.

3,Company:--

Majority of the kids need somebody near. If they feel lonely they cry.When their favourite doll slips away from the grip they cry for help.
            
4,Tired:--

When the baby is tired after a journey and unable to sleep many just cry simply.They feel tired in uncomfortable sourroundings and due to a unhealthy climate.

5,Heat & cold:--

If they feel too hot or too cold they become restless and cry. The baby is comfortable in a room with good ventilation.

6,Tight cloathing:--

Tight cloaths especially during warm climate is intolerable for kids.Tight elastic of the the dress can also produce soreness in the hip region.                                                                                   

7,Dark room:--

When the baby wakes up from sleep he needs some dim light.If there is darkness he will disturb the sleep of parents by crying.Ofcourse he will be irritated by strong light resulting in cry.

8,Mosquito:--

Yes,these creatures disturb the sleep by their blood sucking and cause the baby to cry.

9,Nasal blocking:--

Babies may not be able to sleep when there is a cold and go on crying till the passage is open.

10, Phlegm in throat:--

This also causes difficult breathing resulting in crying. Often a typical sound can be heard with each breath.

11,General aching:--

Generalised body ache with restlessness is seen in flu and prodromal stages of some infectious diseases and can result in continuous cry.

12,Habitual cry:---Some babies cry without any real cause ending the parents in agony.Many a times a doctor is called in for help.

13,Nappy rash:-- If a tight and wet nappy is kept for a long time this will result in crying.
  Rashes can also be due to some allergic reaction to the elastic material of the nappy. When the rash appears it causes soreness and baby become sleepless and cry. All other skin lesions like eczema,ecthyma,,candidiasis ect will also causes problems.

                  

14,Earache:--

Ear infection is common in wet climate.The infection may spread from the throat.Ear infection can result in rupture of the ear drum causing discharge of pus.Eareache usually becomes worse at night when lying down.Child will become restless with crying and may not allow you to touch the ear.Some children with earache rub the affected ear frequently.

15,Colic:--

When the babies cry continuously most of us diagnose it as colic.This problem is still a topic for debate because exact cause for colic is not known and diagnosis is also difficult to confirm.Colic may be associated with rumbling and distention of abdomen.The baby often feels better when lying on abdomen.Some children may not allow you to touch the abdomen.If the child cries continuously a doctors help is needed.

16,Infections:--

All infections causes some kind of pain or irritation resulting in cry.Infection may be anywhere in the body.Usually it is associated with fever,redness and swelling.

17,Reactions to certain food:--

It is said that one man's food is another man's poison. Some food articles can produce some allergic reactions.Allergy is manifested in the form of redness, breathlessness,gastric symptons and continuous crying.
        
18,Hard stools:--

Constipated babies with hard stools may cry when they get the urge for a bowel movment.Some children hesitate to pass stools because of pain .

19,Gastro esophagial reflux:--

Here baby cries with spilling of food after feeding.If this continues it may be due to gastroesophageal reflux.This is due to failure of the lower part of the esophagus to close after food, causing regurgitation from the stomach.It is difficult to diagnose this condition and can be confirmed by giving antireflux medicines.

20, Dentition:--

During dentition child becomes restless with crying.Often associated with gastric troubles and diarrhea.
                                
Some rare reasons

1,Bowel obstruction:--

Bowel obstruction is associated with severe pain and vomiting.Abdomen is distended with rumbling sound.Baby is constipated with absence of flatus.

2,Septicemia:--

Invasion of pathogenic micro organisms in to the blood is called septicemia.Fever is associated with this condition.

3,Torsion of testes in male kids:--

When a male baby cries continuously his scrotum should be examined.Torsion of the testes produce severe pain which will be worse by touching the affected testes.When the testes is pressed upwards pain is releived.If this is not treated properly it can damage the affected  testes due to lack of blood supply.

4,Meningitis:--

Initially there may not be fever,hence crying babies with alternate vacant stare and irritability should not be ignored.Fontanelle is bulging. Neck rigidity and seizures may appear later.


5,Retention of urine:--

Children with retention of urine will have agonising pain making them   restless.                                               

7,Major injuries:--

Major injury to any parts of the body causes pain.Occasionally children will fall while arrying and results in head injury.Head injury is associated with reflux vomiting and convulsions.

Maryjane Angelo